Online ISSN 2286-0266
Print ISSN 1223-0685
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Alexandru POPOVICI
Universitatea Româno-Americană
In the first part (§§1-3), based on the ontological and epistemological problems and solutions and on the analysis of the philosophical grounds of three main schools of economics, exposed in the previous papers, a short overview of the philosophy of the multilevel reality is undertaken. It is shown that the hierarchy of the sciences is not only formal, but corresponds to a true organization of the reality into levels with specific components and properties. There is an interaction between the components of a level and the respective level itself (as a structural unit). Moreover, a lower level is conditioning its upper level, while the last one is acting on the first one (that is, they interact, too). The degree of freedom and plasticity grows from the microphysical level to the human one. Individual cognition is a process of reciprocal action and accommodation between subject and object, between different subjects, of their ensemble and the whole world. The evolution of scientific and philosophic methodologies of Descartes, Newton, Hegel and Marx is analyzed, in relation to their ontologies and hierarchies of sciences, showing the continuities and discontinuities of this evolution. The possibilities and the limits of applying dialectics in natural and social sciences are explored through the views of A. Popovici, G. Gurvitch, J. Piaget and J.-P. Sartre. In the second part (§§4-5), which will be published latter, the applications of this philosophy in micro- and macroeconomics will be described.

ŒCONOMICA no. 3/2014
Keywords: ontology, levels of reality, epistemology, dialectics, natural and social sciences
JEL: A10, A12, B40
Philosophy of the Multilevel Reality. Applications in Economics (I) [Filozofia realitǎţii multinivel. Aplicaţii în economie (I)]