Environmental concerns are becoming increasingly popular and nowadays find their place on the policy-makers agenda. The basic question that arises in these circumstances is whether environmental theses are consistent or not with the economic theory. Environmental issues must go through the filter of economic analysis, and environmental policies have to be evaluated based on the generated costs and benefits. The result of the present study stresses out the need for an alternative theoretical framework for treating pollution as interpersonal conflict between several individuals who seek to use the same scarce resources.